{"id":3911,"date":"2025-09-02T02:40:59","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T02:40:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/modafinil.pl\/?post_type=product&p=3911"},"modified":"2026-10-03T05:51:55","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T05:51:55","slug":"flumolina-4fl-pe","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/modafinil.pl\/en\/sklep\/flumolina-4fl-pe\/","title":{"rendered":"Flumolina \/ 4FL-PE (pemoline derivative) \u2014 chemical reagent 1000 mg"},"content":{"rendered":"

2-amino-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-oxazol-4-one<\/strong>, a chemical reagent, 1000 mg package. Material intended exclusively for laboratory and analytical in vitro research<\/strong>, not for human or animal consumption<\/strong>. It is not a medicinal product, dietary supplement, food, or cosmetic.<\/p>\n

Something that needs to be said upfront<\/h2>\n

Flumolina (4FL-PE) stands in a more extreme position than any other item in our catalog described under this template: it is a compound for which a PubMed search under none of its names \u2014 flumolina, 4FL-PE, 4′-fluoro-PE, fluoropemoline \u2014 returns a single result<\/strong>. There are no preclinical studies, no clinical studies, not even a single analytical paper describing its detection.<\/p>\n

In the PubChem database, the compound is registered structurally (CID 104369139<\/a>) \u2014 but without a single registered synonym and without a CAS number<\/strong>. The only source behind this entry is the catalog of a single chemical reagent supplier (Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC). In other words: the molecule has a defined, consistent chemical structure, but beyond this one catalog entry no trace of it exists in the scientific literature or in independent chemical registries<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

We state this plainly, because it is the only reliable thing that can be said about this molecule as such. Everything that can be said substantively \u2014 and there is quite a lot of it \u2014 concerns its parent compound, pemoline<\/strong> (a separate substance, with its own CAS number), from which 4FL-PE differs by one fluorine atom. This description consistently separates these two levels and nowhere attributes documented properties to pemoline, or undocumented ones to Flumolina.<\/p>\n

Three different entities that must not be confused<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Layer separation: substance \u2014 medicinal product \u2014 reagent<\/caption>\n
Entity<\/th>\nWhat it is<\/th>\nStatus of Flumolina (4FL-PE)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Chemical substance
4FL-PE, PubChem CID 104369139<\/th>\n		A chemical concept \u2014 a molecule of defined structure, registered structurally in PubChem, without an assigned CAS number and without its own literature.<\/td>\nyes<\/strong> \u2014 this is the only status this molecule actually has<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Medicinal product<\/th>\nA pharmaceutical preparation: pharmaceutical form, GMP regime, registration documentation, safety surveillance.<\/td>\nNO \u2014 in any country.<\/strong> This derivative has never been registered as a drug and is not the subject of any clinical trial<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chemical reagent
material offered here<\/th>\n		Material for laboratory and analytical work.<\/td>\nyes<\/strong> \u2014 and it is offered exclusively in this capacity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The consequence is unambiguous.<\/strong> There is nothing here to confuse with a drug, because there is no drug. The literature cited further on this page \u2014 concerning hepatotoxicity, analytics, and pharmacology \u2014 refers exclusively to pemoline<\/strong> (CAS 2152-34-3), a compound with a different CAS number and a different \u2014 though closely related \u2014 structure than the material offered on this page. None of these studies were conducted using 4FL-PE, none of them concern the analytical reagent, and none of these results carry over to the offered material.<\/p>\n

Reagent identification card<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Registry data and identifiers \u2014 Flumolina (4FL-PE)<\/caption>\n
Systematic name (IUPAC)<\/th>\n2-amino-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-oxazol-4-one<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Common names \/ codes<\/th>\nFlumolina, 4FL-PE, 4′-Fluoro-PE \u2014 names present exclusively in commercial circulation; PubChem does not register any synonym for this molecule<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
CAS number<\/th>\nnone<\/strong> \u2014 the compound has no assigned CAS number in public chemical registries (as of the query date, 2026-09-08)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molecular formula<\/th>\nC9<\/sub>H7<\/sub>FN2<\/sub>O2<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molar mass<\/th>\n194.16 g\u00b7mol\u22121<\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Monoisotopic mass<\/th>\n194.0492 Da<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
InChIKey<\/th>\nKWHHCDCDZNARQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SMILES<\/th>\nC1=CC(=CC=C1C2C(=O)N=C(O2)N)F<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
PubChem CID<\/th>\n104369139<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Purity<\/th>\nhigh-purity reagent; a numerical specification is not present in the available documentation for this item \u2014 we do not state one, so as not to guess<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Physical form<\/th>\nnot independently documented for this derivative (see the section above on the state of the literature) \u2014 we do not guess at color or consistency<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Intended use<\/th>\nresearch reagent \u2014 not for human or animal consumption<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Molecular lineage: pemoline and fluorine substitution<\/h2>\n

4FL-PE is not a molecule designed from scratch. It is a derivative of pemoline<\/strong> \u2014 a compound with a 2-amino-1,3-oxazol-4-one core, known to medicinal chemistry for decades and holding its own CAS number 2152-34-3 (PubChem CID 4723<\/a>). The modification consists of introducing one fluorine atom in the para position<\/strong> of the phenyl ring at carbon C5 \u2014 hence the trade name “4FL-PE”: the 4 denotes the substitution position, FL stands for fluorine, and PE is short for the phenyl-oxazolone core.<\/p>\n

Measurable effects, not assumed ones<\/h3>\n

Para-position fluorine substitution is one of the most common manipulations in medicinal chemistry and carries predictable physicochemical consequences, which can be stated only on the basis of comparing verified computed descriptors for both molecules \u2014 without reference to any biological studies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Descriptor comparison: pemoline versus Flumolina (4FL-PE)<\/caption>\n
Parameter<\/th>\nPemoline<\/th>\nFlumolina (4FL-PE)<\/th>\nSignificance<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Molecular formula<\/th>\nC9<\/sub>H8<\/sub>N2<\/sub>O2<\/sub><\/td>\nC9<\/sub>H7<\/sub>FN2<\/sub>O2<\/sub><\/td>\ndifference: 1\u00d7H \u2192 1\u00d7F<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Molar mass<\/th>\n176.17<\/td>\n194.16<\/strong><\/td>\n+17.99 \u2014 clear distinction in MS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
XLogP<\/th>\n0.9<\/td>\n1.0<\/strong><\/td>\nslightly higher lipophilicity<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polar surface area (TPSA)<\/th>\n64.7 \u00c52<\/sup><\/td>\n64.7 \u00c52<\/sup><\/td>\nunchanged \u2014 fluorine does not alter the core’s hydrogen-bonding profile<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hydrogen bond acceptors<\/th>\n2<\/td>\n3<\/td>\nthe fluorine atom is counted as an additional acceptor<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hydrogen bond donors<\/th>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nunchanged \u2014 the core amino group<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rotatable bonds<\/th>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nunchanged<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Why this matters for the laboratory<\/h3>\n

A mass difference of just under 18 Da<\/strong> means that distinguishing pemoline from its fluorinated derivative by mass spectrometry does not require chromatographic separation \u2014 the ion mass alone is sufficient. Fluorine is practically monoisotopic<\/strong> (19<\/sup>F accounts for nearly 100% of the natural composition), so the presence of this atom cannot be recognized from an isotope pattern the way it could for chlorinated or brominated compounds \u2014 it must be inferred from the exact mass or confirmed by 19<\/sup>F NMR, where a single fluorine atom in this molecule gives a single, clean signal with no coupling to a second fluorine center (unlike difluorinated analogs from other families, such as the separately offered flmodafinil<\/a>, where two equivalent fluorine atoms produce a different spectral pattern).<\/p>\n

Timeline: what has been documented for pemoline<\/h2>\n

The timeline below concerns exclusively pemoline<\/strong> \u2014 the parent compound, CAS 2152-34-3 \u2014 because it is the only molecule in this family for which dated literature exists. No such timeline can be constructed for 4FL-PE.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Timeline: literature concerning pemoline (CAS 2152-34-3)<\/caption>\n
early 1970s<\/th>\npre-registration studies found liver enzyme abnormalities in 1-3% of adolescents on maintenance pemoline treatment, confirmed on rechallenge (6\/6 cases) and on biopsy (2\/2) [7<\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1975-1996<\/th>\nadverse event reports to the US FDA: 12 cases of jaundice and 6 deaths among adolescents reported between 1975 and 1989 [7<\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1976<\/th>\nfirst indexed method for pemoline determination by HPLC [1<\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1984<\/th>\nHPLC method for pemoline determination in plasma, saliva, and urine [2<\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1989<\/th>\nfirst serious adverse event with pemoline described in the medical literature (letter to the editor) [7<\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1997<\/th>\nanother reported case of hepatotoxicity (letter to the editor) [5<\/a>]; the medical community became more widely aware of the scale of the risk in December 1996, and pemoline use began to decline from that year onward [7<\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1998<\/th>\ndescription of five cases of hepatotoxicity in children, one ending in liver transplantation [6<\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2000<\/th>\npemoline included in a GC-MS panel for identifying sympathomimetic amines in clinical toxicology [3<\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2012<\/th>\na review identifying pemoline as one of the strongest inducers of hepatotoxicity among psychotropic drugs [8<\/a>]; in parallel, pemoline was still used as a pharmacological tool in an animal model of self-injurious behavior [9<\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2014<\/th>\nmodern LC-MS method for pemoline determination in plasma [4<\/a>]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
undated<\/th>\nregistration of the fluorinated derivative 4FL-PE in a chemical catalog \u2014 the only source is a reagent supplier entry in PubChem (CID 104369139), with no associated publication or date<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Pemoline analytics across four decades and four countries<\/h2>\n

The analytical literature on pemoline spans from the mid-1970s to the present and originated in several independent centers \u2014 the same principles of chromatographic separation and MS detection form the starting point for methods applied to analogs, including the fluorinated derivative offered here.<\/p>\n